• Log in with Facebook Log in with Twitter Log In with Google      Sign In    
  • Create Account
  LongeCity
              Advocacy & Research for Unlimited Lifespans


Adverts help to support the work of this non-profit organisation. To go ad-free join as a Member.


Photo
- - - - -

Imminst film translation (Russian)


  • Please log in to reply
No replies to this topic

#1 ilia

  • Guest, Moderator
  • 614 posts
  • 255
  • Location:Israel

Posted 22 June 2006 - 05:57 PM


This is a Russian translation of ImmInst film (the first 2 parts for a start):
Transcript:
http://www.imminst.o...573
Film:
http://www.imminst.org/film.php

Hopefully more Russian-speaking members will find their way here through it. In my experience, the former SU is a very fertile ground for the immortalist movement.
A copy is also uploaded at the ImmInst Russia Forum.
http://www.imminst.o...=110&t=11153&s=
To view Russian, go to “View” – “Encoding” – “Cyrillic (Windows)””

[quote]Part-ID 001 / Introduction

start 0:00:01 / 0:00:01 0:00:01.000 stop 0:02:33 / 0:02:33

The desire to overcome death is nothing new. The 'Epic of Gilgamesh' - the first recorded story of human history - accounts on clay tablets a mythical kings quest for immortality. 4000 years later humans are still searching for immortality. With the modernization of health care encouraged by biotechnology and computer science, remarkable gains have been made in extending human life spans. A child born today can expect to live more than three times longer than in the time of Gilgamesh. Stem cells, caloric restriction, cryonics, nanotechnology and transhumanism have become the watchwords of our era. Perhaps with the accumulation of these accelerating advancements we are indeed on the verge of a complete reversal of the biological aging process - regenerative medicine in our lifetimes. And if so, if we are able to overcome aging and then live forever, what will this mean for religion? What will this mean for governments and social systems, which relay on a noble and time their death? Perhaps once we have conquered aging, we'll no longer even wish to stay as vulnerable humans. Perhaps we'll expedite our progression from immortal beings into cyborgs and then to completely post-human entities. But now there are more pressing questions: What about the environment, oppression by the wealthy over the poor,
the problem of overpopulation? What about boredom with a life that stretches out forever and even more harmoneous: What if the universe would end itself in a 'winter', a long expanding heat death into the infinite. If so, what's the point in trying to live forever anyway? Well, it's impossible to answer all of these questions within one documentary. We can provide a glimpse, a brief snapshot in time from the voices of the visionaries of the forefront. Join us as we take this amazing journey. "Exploring Life Extension", an Immortality Institute film.

[ Exploring Life Extension ] [ Writer/Director ] [ Bruce Klein ]
[ ImmInst.org Immortality Institute ]
[ Major Financial Support Provided by ]
[ Alcor Life Extension Foundation ] [ cartmell holdings ] [ Book: James L. Halperin - The First Immortal ] [ Life Extension Foundation ][ Maximum Life Foundation ]
[ Terasem Movement ][/quote]


×àñòü 1. Ââåäåíèå.

×åëîâåê âñåãäà ñòðåìèëñÿ ïîáåäèòü ñìåðòü.  ýïîñå «Ãèëüãàìåø» -- îäíîì èç ïåðâûõ èñòîðè÷åñêèõ äîêóìåíòîâ, âûñå÷åííûõ íà ãëèíÿíûõ òàáëèöàõ --ïîâåñòâóåòñÿ î ìèôè÷åñêîì öàðå, èñêàâøåì áåññìåðòèå.
4000 ëåò ñïóñòÿ ëþäè ïðîäîëæàþò èñêàòü áåññìåðòèå. Ñ ðàçâèòèåì ñîâðåìåííîé ìåäèöèíû, áèîòåõíîëîãèè è êîìïüþòåðíûõ íàóê, äåëî ïðîäëåíèÿ ÷åëîâå÷åñêîé æèçíè äîñòèãëî êîëîññàëüíûõ óñïåõîâ.

Ðåáåíîê, ðîäèâøèéñÿ ñåãîäíÿ, ñìîæåò ïðîæèòü â òðè ðàçà äîëüøå, ÷åì âî âðåìåíà Ãèëüãàìåøà. Ñòâîëîâûå êëåòêè, îãðàíè÷åíèå êàëîðèéíîñòè ïèùè, êðèîíèêà, íàíîòåõíîëîãèÿ, òðàíñãóìàíèçì – ýòè ïîíÿòèÿ ñòàëè âåõàìè íîâîé ýðû. Âîçìîæíî, áëàãîäàðÿ óñêîðåííîìó ðàçâèòèþ â ýòèõ îáëàñòÿõ, ìû ñòîèì íà ïîðîãå ïîëíîé ïîáåäû íàä ñòàðåíèåì. Âîçíèêíîâåíèå ðåãåíåðàöèîííîé ìåäèöèíû âîçìîæíî óæå â òå÷åíèå íàøåé æèçíè.

À åñëè ýòî òàê, åñëè ïîáåäà íàä ñòàðåíèåì è âå÷íàÿ æèçíü ñòàíóò âîçìîæíûìè – êàê ýòî ïîâëèÿåò íà ðåëèãèè, ãîñóäàðñòâåííóþ âëàñòü è ñîöèàëüíûå ñèñòåìû, çèæäóùèåñÿ íà íåîáõîäèìîñòè «áëàãîðîäíîãî è ñâîåâðåìåííîãî» óõîäà èç æèçíè?

Âîçìîæíî, ïîñëå ïîáåäû íàä ñòàðåíèåì, ëþäè íå ïîæåëàþò áîëåå îñòàâàòüñÿ â ñâîåé íûíåøíåé õðóïêîé ôîðìå. Âîçìîæíî, îíè ïîæåëàþò óñêîðèòü ïðîãðåññ è ïðåâðàòèòüñÿ èç áåññìåðòíûõ ëþäåé â êèáîðãîâ è ïîëíîñòüþ ïðåâçîéòè íûíåøíèå ÷åëîâå÷åñêèå âîçìîæíîñòè.

Íî åñòü è áîëåå àêòóàëüíûå âîïðîñû. ×òî ñòàíåò ñ îêðóæàþùåé ñðåäîé? Ïðîäëèòñÿ ëè ïðåâîñõîäñòâî áîãàòûõ íàä áåäíûìè? Âîçíèêíåò ëè ïðîáëåìà ïåðåíàñåëåíèÿ? Ñòàíåò ëè ÷åëîâåêó íåâûíîñèìî ñêó÷íî îò íåñêîí÷àåìîé æèçíè? Èíîé, áîëåå «ãëîáàëüíûé» âîïðîñ – êàêîâà áóäåò ñóäüáà áåññìåðòíûõ ëþäåé, åñëè ñàìà Âñåëåííàÿ ïðåêðàòèò ñâîå ñóùåñòâîâàíèå, ïåðåéäÿ â ñîñòîÿíèå «Âå÷íîé çèìû» èëè «Òåïëîâîé ñìåðòè».

Åñëè ýòî ïðîèçîéäåò, êàêîé òîãäà ñìûñë ïûòàòüñÿ æèòü âå÷íî? Íà âñå ýòè âîïðîñû íåâîçìîæíî îòâåòèòü â îäíîì äîêóìåíòàëüíîì ôèëüìå. Ìû ñìîæåì äàòü ëèøü êðàòêèé îáçîð, óñëûøàòü ìå÷òàòåëåé è àêòèâèñòîâ ñ ïåðåäîâûõ ïîçèöèé. Ìû ïðèãëàøàåì âàñ ïðèíÿòü ó÷àñòèå â ýòîé çàõâàòûâàþùåé ýêñïåäèöèè. Ñìîòðèòå ôèëüì Èíñòèòóòà Áåññìåðòèÿ «Â ïîèñêàõ Ïðîäëåíèÿ Æèçíè».

Àâòîð-äèðåêòîð: Áðþñ Êëàéí
ImmInst.org - Immortality Institute «Èíñòèòóò Áåññìåðòèÿ»

Ïðè ôèíàíñîâîé ïîääåðæêå:
Ôîíä Ïðîäëåíèÿ Æèçíè «Àëüêîð», Êîðïîðàöèÿ «Êàðòìåëü», Äæåéìñ Ãàëüïåðèí – àâòîð êíèãè «Ïåðâûé Áåññìåðòíûé», Ôîíä Ïðîäëåíèÿ Æèçíè, Äâèæåíèå «Òåðàñåì»

[quote]Part-ID 002 / Sonia Arrison (Director of Technology Studies, Pacific Research Institute)
start 0:02:33 / 0:02:33 0:02:33.000 stop 0:02:46 / 0:02:46
I think there is a lot of things that I want to do and I don't think I would ever get bored. I really value life. I love life and I don't want it to end. Ever.[/quote]

Ñîíÿ Àððèñîí (Äèðåêòîð Îòåäåëåíèÿ Òåõíîëîãè÷åñêèõ Ðàçðàáîòîê, Èíñòèòóò Òèõîîêåàíñêèõ Èññëåäîâàíèé)

ß äóìàþ, åñòü î÷åíü ìíîãî äåë, êîòîðûå ìíå õîòåëîñü áû ñäåëàòü. ß íå âåðþ, ÷òî ìíå êîãäà-íèáóäü ñòàíåò ñêó÷íî. ß ëþáëþ æèçíü è íå õî÷ó, ÷òîáû îíà êîí÷àëàñü. Íèêîãäà.

[quote]Part-ID 003 / Michael Roy Ames (President, Singularity Institute for Artificial Intelligence, Canada)
start 0:02:46 / 0:02:46 stop 0:03:00 / 0:03:00
I don't want to put a limit on the number of years, or centuries, or millennia that I want to live. Um, there may come a time in my life where I don’t want to live anymore, but that’s not right now. I don’t want to have a limit.[/quote]

Ìàéêë Ðîé Ýéìñ (Ïðåçèäåíò Èíñòèòóòà Ñèíãóëÿðíîñòè è Èñêóññòâåííîãî Èíòåëëåêòà, Êàíàäà)

Íåò ïðåäåëà êîëè÷åñòâó ëåò, âåêîâ èëè òûñÿ÷åëåòèé, êîòîðûå ÿ õîòåë áû ïðîæèòü. Âîçìîæíî, íàñòóïèò âðåìÿ, êîãäà ÿ ïîòåðÿþ èíòåðåñ ê æèçíè, íî ýòî âðåìÿ åùå íå íàñòóïèëî. ß íå æåëàþ óñòàíàâëèâàòü êàêèå-òî îãðàíè÷åíèÿ.

[quote]Part-ID 004 Susan Fonseca-Klein (Director, Immortality Institute)
Start 0:03:00 / 0:03:00 End 0:03:15 / 0:03:15
At some point humans would be able to take care of all of our medical problems. I just never thought it would be possible in my lifetime, and now for the first time I am seriously thinking it could be possible in my lifetime.[/quote]

Ñþçàí Ôîíñåêà-Êëàéí (Äèðåêòîð Èíñòèòóòà Áåññìåðòèÿ)

 îïðåäåëåííûé ìîìåíò ëþäè ñìîãóò ðåøèòü âñå ìåäèöèíñêèå ïðîáëåìû. ß íèêîãäà íå äóìàëà, ÷òî ýòî ñòàíåò âîçìîæíûì â òå÷åíèå ìîåé æèçíè. Íî ñåé÷àñ, ÿ íà÷èíàþ âïåðâûå âåðèòü, ÷òî ýòî ñòàíåò âîçìîæíûì óæå íà ìîåì âåêó.

[quote]Part-ID 005 Aubrey de Grey, Ph.D. (Anti-aging researcher, University of Cambridge, England, Dept. of Genetics)
Start 0:03:15 / 0:03:15 End 0:03:39 / 0:03:39
Purely induced chance, really, that where we have convinced ourselves of this absurdity that aging is a good thing, umm, you know that’s all related to chance. It’s my job to wake people up, and the only real way to do it is to present real actual factual information. In other words, to develop, to do experimental work in the laboratory that shows incontrovertibly that aging can be very dramatically altered.[/quote]

Äð. Îáðè äå Ãðåé (Ãåðîíòîëîã, Êýìáðèäæ, Àíãëèÿ, Îòäåëåíèå Ãåíåòèêè)

Ìû óáåäèëè ñåáÿ â òîì, ÷òî ñòàðåíèå – ýòî «õîðîøî». Ýòî ïîëîæåíèå àáñóðäíî è âîçíèêëî áëàãîäàðÿ ÷èñòîé ñëó÷àéíîñòè.

Ìîÿ ìèññèÿ – ïðîáóäèòü ëþäåé îò ýòîãî çàáëóæäåíèÿ. Ýòîãî ìîæíî äîáèòüñÿ òîëüêî íà îñíîâå íàó÷íûõ ôàêòîâ. Èíûìè ñëîâàìè, íåîáõîäèìî ïðîâîäèòü ëàáîðàòîðíûå èññëåäîâàíèÿ, íåîñïîðèìî äîêàçûâàþùèå, ÷òî ñî ñòàðåíèåì ìîæíî áîðîòüñÿ.

[quote]Part-ID 006 Stephen L. Coles, M.D., Ph.D. (Director, Los Angeles Gerontology Research Group)
Start 0:03:39 / 0:03:39 End 0:03:55 / 0:03:55
The oldest person in the world that we know of who has been documented by the Guinness Book of Records is named Jeanne Calment, a French lady who died at the age of a hundred-twenty two in the year 1997.[/quote]

Äð. Ñòåôåí Ë. Êîëñ (Äèðåêòîð Ãðóïïû Ãåðîíòîëîãè÷åñêèõ Èññëåäîâàíèé, Ëîñ Àíæåëåñ)

Ñòàðåéøèì äîëãîæèòåëåì íà çåìëå, ÷åé âîçðàñò çàôèêñèðîâàí â Êíèãå Ðåêîðäîâ Ãèííåñà, áûëà Æàííà Êàëìåò, ôðàíöóæåíêà, óìåðøàÿ â âîçðàñòå 122 ëåò â 1997 ãîäó.

[quote]Part-ID 007 Michael Cooper, Ph.D. (Genetics of aging researcher, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, TX)
Start 0:03:55 / 0:03:55 End 0:04:46 / 0:04:46
But, we see now that we have tools to take the problem, and if we fail to do so we are going to die, and the next generation, or the next generation after that will wake up and see it, you know. They will be the benefitters, and the burden is upon us, the people that know, you and I that know. You know, we have a responsibility because we know. The average citizen, or the average population, don’t know what we know and so they don’t have that responsibility. But, we need to, you know, we need to enlighten enough people to make an effect where we can benefit ourselves and all the people we care about.[/quote]

Äð. Ìàéêë Êóïåð (Èññëåäîâàòåëü ãåíåòèêè ñòàðåíèÿ, Þæíûé Ìåòîäèñòñêèé Óíèâåðñèòåò, Äàëëàñ, Òåõàñ).

Ìû äîëæíû ïîíÿòü, ÷òî ñóùåñòâóþò ñðåäñòâà äëÿ áîðüáû ñî ñòàðåíèåì. Åñëè íå ïîéìåì è íå íà÷íåì äåéñòâîâàòü – ïîãèáíåì. È áóäóùèå ïîêîëåíèÿ ýòî ïîéìóò. Îíè ñìîãóò íàñëàäèòüñÿ ïëîäàìè íàøèõ òðóäîâ. Íî îòâåòñòâåííîñòü ëåæèò íà íàñ – íà ëþäÿõ, ïîíèìàþùèõ ýòî óæå òåïåðü. Áîëüøèíñòâî ëþäåé ýòîãî íå îñîçíàþò, ïîýòîìó íå ÷óâñòâóþò îòâåòñòâåííîñòè. Íàøà çàäà÷à – ïðîñâÿòèòü êàê ìîæíî áîëüøåå ÷èñëî ëþäåé. Ýòî íóæíî äëÿ òîãî, ÷òîáû äîáèòüñÿ ïðàêòè÷åñêèõ ðåçóëüòàòîâ, äëÿ òîãî, ÷òîáû è ìû è áëèçêèå íàì ëþäè ñìîãëè æèòü äîëüøå.

[quote]Part-ID 008 Robert Bradbury (Founder, Aeiveos Corporation, dedicated to understanding the causes of aging)
Start 0:04:46 / 0:04:46 End 0:05:14 / 0:05:14
Well, you may hit eighty-five or ninety, you know, umm, and if we push everyone out to that level. Well lets see, I am forty-eight now, if I can get to eighty, you know that’s another thirty years, and that pushes me to 2034, and if we don’t have robust, you know pretty robust stem cell technology and beginning nanotechnology by 2034, I would be very, very surprised.[/quote]

Ðîáåðò Áðýäáåðè (Îñíîâàòåëü êîðïîðàöèè «Ýéâåîñ», çàíèìàþùåéñÿ ïîèñêàìè ïðè÷èí ñòàðåíèÿ)

Ïîéìèòå, ìû ñåé÷àñ â ñîñòîÿíèè äîæèòü äî 85 èëè 90 ëåò, è íóæíî ñòðåìèòüñÿ, ÷òîáû âñå ñìîãëè äîñòèãíóòü ýòîãî âîçðàñòà.
Ñêàæåì, ìíå ñåé÷àñ 48, åñëè ñìîãó äîæèòü äî âîñüìèäåñÿòè – ýòî åùå òðèäöàòü ëåò, ýòî áóäåò â 2034 ãîäó.
Áóäåò î÷åíü óäèâèòåëüíî, åñëè ê 2034 ãîäó íå áóäåò íàäåæíîé ðåãåíåðàöèîííîé ìåäèöèíû íà îñíîâå ñòâîëîâûõ êëåòîê èëè íàíî-ìåäèöèíû.

[quote]Part-ID 009 Joao Pedro de Magalhaes, Ph.D. (Harvard Medical School, Microbiologist working on the biology of aging)
Start 0:05:14 / 0:05:14 End 0:05:25 / 0:05:25
I love to live, and I want to live more. I don’t think there is anything else after that, so this is my motivation for working on aging research.[/quote]

Äð. Ïåäðî äå Ìàãàëàåñ (Ìåäèöèíñêèé ôàêóëüòåò Ãàðâàðäà, Ìèêðîáèîëîã, çàíèìàþùèéñÿ áèîëîãèåé ñòàðåíèÿ)

ß ëþáëþ æèçíü è õî÷ó æèòü äîëüøå. ß íå äóìàþ, ÷òî ñóùåñòâóåò çàãðîáíûé ìèð. Ýòè ìûñëè ìîòèâèðóþò ìîþ èññëåäîâàòåëüñêóþ ðàáîòó íàä ïðîáëåìîé ñòàðåíèÿ.

[quote]Part-ID 010 David Kekich (CEO, Maximum Life Foundation, accelerating progress in anti-aging medicine research)
Start 0:05:25 / 0:05:25 End 0:05:55 / 0:05:55
This is where technology has an interface with your body, with the human body, and uhh, we’ve got stents in our hearts and we take all these things for granted. Now we’re implanting contact lenses and doing laser surgery, these are all things that seemed real radical at one time. Now, like you said, heart pacemakers or artificial hearts, they have just become, at first big news, second, something everybody wants if they need them, and third, something everyone takes for granted after they get them, or once they’ve had them for awhile.[/quote]

Äàâèä Êåêèõ (Äèðåêòîð Ôîíäà Ìàêñèìàëüíîãî Ïðîäëåíèÿ Æèçíè, ÷üåé öåëüþ ÿâëÿåòñÿ óñêîðåíèå èññëåäîâàíèé ïî áîðüáå ñî ñòàðåíèåì)

Òåõíîëîãèÿ íåðàçðûâíî ñâÿçàíà ñ íàøèì òåëîì. Ìû âîñïðèíèìàåì èñêóññòâåííûå ñîñóäû ñåðäöà êàê íå÷òî ñàìî ñîáîé ðàçóìåþùååñÿ. Ìû èìïëàíòèðóåì êîíòàêòíûå ëèíçû è îïåðèðóåì ñ ïîìîùüþ ëàçåðîâ – âñå ýòî â ñâîå âðåìÿ êàçàëîñü ÷åì-òî ñâåðõúåñòåñòâåííûì. Àïïàðàòû òèïà âîäèòåëåé ðèòìà èëè èñêóññòâåííîãî ñåðäöà âíà÷àëå áûëè ïîòðÿñàþùèì íîâøåñòâîì, çàòåì îáúåêòîì èñêëþ÷èòåëüíîé íåîáõîäèìîñòè, è íàêîíåö ïðåâðàòèëèñü â íå÷òî ñîâåðøåííî îáûäåííîå.

[quote]Part-ID 011 Ben Goertzel, Ph.D. (CEO of Biomind LLC and Novamente LLC, applied artificial intelligence to biotechnology)
Start 0:05:55 / 0:05:55 End 0:06:17 / 0:06:17
It’s very frustrating to know these super rich super heroes who have decided to focus on what’s really long term importance to the human race and to intelligence on earth. Which, in my view are the two most important things to work on are probably the human life extension and artificial intelligence.[/quote]

Äð. Áåí Ãåðöåëü (Ðóêîâîäèòåëü êîìïàíèé «Áèîìàéíä» è «Íîâàìåíò» ïî ïðèìåíåíèþ èñêóññòâåííîãî èíòåëëåêòà â áèîòåõíîëîãèè)

Óäðó÷àþùåå çðåëèùå – âèäåòü âñåõ ýòèõ ñâåðõáîãàòûõ ñâåðõãåðîåâ, âäðóã ðåøèâøèõ çàíÿòüñÿ ðåàëüíî âàæíûìè âåùàìè äëÿ ñóäüáû ÷åëîâå÷åñòâà.
Ïî ìîåìó ìíåíèþ, íàèãëàâíåéøèå öåëè – ýòî ïðîäëåíèå ÷åëîâå÷åñêîé æèçíè è ðàçâèòèå èñêóññòâåííîãî èíòåëëåêòà.

[quote]Part-ID 012 Antonei Csoka, Ph.D. (University of Pittsburgh, helped find the genetic cause for Progeria, aging disease)
Start 0:06:17 / 0:06:17 End 0:06:32 / 0:06:32
I tend to think that, like, this century is like the gateway century. By that, I mean, that like this century we will either destroy ourselves this century or we will attain immortality.[/quote]

Äð. Àíòîíåé Êñîêà (Ïèòñáóðãñêèé Óíèâåðñèòåò. Âíåñ âêëàä â îáíàðóæåíèå ãåíåòè÷åñêîé ïðè÷èíû ïðîãåðèè – óñêîðåííîãî ñòàðåíèÿ)

ß âåðþ, ýòîò âåê – ïåðåõîäíûé. À èìåííî, â ýòîì âåêå ìû èëè ïîãèáíåì èëè äîñòèãíåì áåññìåðòèÿ.

[quote]Part-ID 013 Jay Fox (Director, Immortality Institute for Infinite Lifespans)
Start 0:06:32 / 0:06:32 End 0:07:13 / 0:07:13
It’s the rational part of my mind against the part of my mind that truly wants to believe in an afterlife. To know that if there’s nothing afterwards, what does that mean for me? And, it makes it worth, that doubt makes it worth doing everything I can to make sure that I and others that are unsure have an opportunity to live as long as possible. And, if we can live just enough, just make it long enough, I believe that technology will advance enough so that some few lucky of us will never have to die.[/quote]

Äæåé Ôîêñ (Äèðåêòîð Èíñòèòóòà Áåññìåðòèÿ)

 ìîåì ñîçíàíèè ðàöèîíàëèçì áîðåòñÿ ñ æåëàíèåì âåðèòü â çàãðîáíóþ æèçíü.
Íî ÷òî, åñëè çàãðîáíîé æèçíè íå ñóùåñòâóåò?  ÷åì òîãäà ñìûñë ìîåé æèçíè? Ýòè ñîìíåíèÿ ïîáóæäàþò ìåíÿ äåéñòâîâàòü, äåëàòü âñå, ÷òî â ìîèõ ñèëàõ, ÷òîáû è ÿ è äðóãèå ñîìíåâàþùèåñÿ èìåëè âîçìîæíîñòü æèòü êàê ìîæíî äîëüøå.
È åñëè ìû ñìîæåì ïðîæèòü äîñòàòî÷íî äîëãî, ÿ âåðþ, ðàçâèòèå òåõíîëîãèè ïîçâîëèò õîòÿ áû íåìíîãèì ñ÷àñòëèâöàì íå óìèðàòü íèêîãäà.

[quote]Part-ID 014 James J. Hughes Ph.D. (Director, Institute for Ethics and Emerging Technologies)
Start 0:07:13 / 0:07:13 End 0:07:56 / 0:07:56
It’s not a matter of whether there will never be life extension, because I don’t think that they will ever be able to forbid life extension. It’s a matter of how aggressively we pursue it, and I think Nick Bostrom’s recent fable of the dragon puts this very clearly. Uh, if you see that there will be a time when negligible senescence or delayed aging is possible, and you see a time when all of the diseases which kill people today can be cured, then its not a matter of gee, this future is never going to get here. Its all these people are going to die unnecessarily, and if we get it here twenty years sooner, all these people will be saved.[/quote]

Äð. Äæåéìñ Õúþç (Äèðåêòîð Èíñòèòóòà Ýòèêè è Íîâûõ Òåõíîëîãèé)

Íåò ñîìíåíèé â òîì, ÷òî ïðîäëåíèå æèçíè ñòàíåò âîçìîæíûì. ß íå äóìàþ, ÷òî ýòî êîìó-ëèáî óäàñòñÿ çàïðåòèòü. Âîïðîñ â òîì, íàñêîëüêî íàñòîé÷èâî ìû áóäåì ýòîãî äîáèâàòüñÿ. Íåäàâíî îïóáëèêîâàííàÿ «Áàñíÿ î Äðàêîíå-Òèðàíå» Íèêà Áîñòðîìà âûðàæàåò ýòó ìûñëü ÿñíåå ÿñíîãî. Åñëè ìû ïðåäâèäèì âðåìÿ, êîãäà ïîáåäà íàä ñòàðåíèåì ñòàíåò âîçìîæíîé, êîãäà âñå íûíåøíèå ñìåðòîíîñíûå áîëåçíè áóäóò èçëå÷èìû – òî äåëî òîëüêî â ñðîêàõ. Ìíîãèå ìîãóò íå äîæèòü äî ïîáåäû. À åñëè ìû ñìîæåì óñêîðèòü ïîáåäó íà íåñêîëüêî äåñÿòêîâ ëåò, ýòè ëþäè áóäóò ñïàñåíû.

[quote]Part-ID 015 Randy Wicker(Activist, entrepreneur and public relations pioneer)
Start 0:07:56 / 0:07:56 Stop 0:08:40 / 0:08:40
You have to raise the legitimacy. We had done over 10 or 15 years had brought up homosexuality and made it a legitimate topic for discussion, and I think that’s what’s going on now with the immortality issue. It’s that here and there they are getting coherent people, or people of increasing stature coming out and saying, why not? Why shouldn’t we try to have extreme life extension? Somehow when you say “immortality”, remember that the Greek gods were called “the immortals”, so in a way when you start saying you are an immoralist, its almost like saying you’re a god. You’re claiming to be God! You know, wow, talk about blasphemy big time. [/quote]

Ðýíäè Âèêåð (Àêòèâèñò, áèçíåñìåí è ïðîïàãàíäèñò ïðîäëåíèÿ æèçíè)

Íåîáõîäèìî ïîâûñèòü ïðåñòèæ èäåè, óòâåðäèòü åå ïðàâîìåðíîñòü. Çà ïîñëåäíèå 10-15 ëåò óäàëîñü ïðåâðàòèòü ãîìîñåêñóàëüíîñòü â ïðàâîìåðíóþ òåìó äèñêóññèè. ß äóìàþ, òî æå ñàìîå ïðîèçîéäåò è ñ èäååé áåññìåðòèÿ. Âñå áîëüøåå ÷èñëî ðàçóìíûõ è óâàæàåìûõ ëþäåé âûñòóïàþò âïåðåä è ñïðàøèâàþò – «à ïî÷åìó áû è íåò?» Ïî÷åìó áû íå ïîïûòàòüñÿ äîñòè÷ü ðàäèêàëüíîãî ïðîäëåíèÿ æèçíè? Ïðîèçíîñÿ ñëîâî «áåññìåðòèå», ïîìíèòå, ÷òî ãðå÷åñêèå áîãè áûëè áåññìåðòíû. Òàê ÷òî, êîãäà ëþäè íàçûâàþò ñåáÿ «èììîðòàëèñòàìè», ýòî âîñïðèíèìàåòñÿ êàê ïîïûòêà ñòàòü áîãàìè. Ïûòàòüñÿ ñòàòü áîãîì?! - Êàêîå óæàñíîå ñâÿòîòàòñòâî.

[quote]Part-ID 016 Martine Rothblatt, Ph.D. (CEO, United Therapeutics, Founder, Terasem Movement Foundation)
Start 0:08:40 / 0:08:40
Mainstream phraseology of life extension, and life extension is a mainstreamable version of immortality. “Immortality” is just not polite in mixed company, to use that word, because it evokes to people, either anti-godliness, or it evokes to people a kind of a bravado of one thinks that they are a god. In fact, in my experience, immortalists don’t think of themselves of gods at all, they think of themselves as mere mortals who want to enjoy learning and loving forever and that’s all I think immortalists think of immortality, they don’t get into all the other definitions.[/quote]

Äð. Ìàðòèíà Ðîòáëàòò (Ðóêîâîäèòåëü ôèðìû «Åäèíàÿ Òåðàïèÿ», îñíîâàòåëü äâèæåíèÿ «Òåðàñåì»)

«Ïðîäëåíèå æèçíè» -- ïðèåìëèìûé òåðìèí, òàê ñêàçàòü, óäîáîâàðèìàÿ ôîðìà «áåññìåðòèÿ». Ñëîâî «áåññìåðòèå» ïðîñòî íå ïðèíÿòî èñïîëüçîâàòü â ñìåøàííîé êîìïàíèè, ïîñêîëüêó îíî àññîöèèðóåòñÿ ó ìíîãèõ ëþäåé ñî ñâÿòîòàòñòâîì, ñ àìáèöèîçíîé ïîïûòêîé ñòàòü Áîãîì.
 äåéñòâèòåëüíîñòè, ïî ìîåìó îïûòó, èììîðòàëèñòû âîâñå íå ñ÷èòàþò ñåáÿ áîãàìè. Îíè ñ÷èòàþò ñåáÿ îáû÷íûìè ëþäüìè, êîòîðûå õîòÿò âå÷íî íàñëàæäàòüñÿ, ïîçíàâàòü è ëþáèòü. Ýòî -- åäèíñòâåííûé ñìûñë, êîòîðûé èììîðòàëèñòû âêëàäûâàþò â ïîíÿòèå «áåññìåðòèå».

[quote]Part-ID 017 Charles Platt(Suspended Animation Inc., former president of CryoCare Foundation)
Start 0:09:26 / 0:09:26 Stop 0:10:03 / 0:10:03
If you ask a medical professional now, “When is someone dead?”, they will say, “Well no pulse, no respiration, no brain activity”. Then you say, “But you resuscitate people from that condition all the time, don’t you?”. “Well, yes we do.” Well then they couldn’t have been dead. No they weren’t cause they weren’t pronounced legally dead. So, it’s just a legal fiction as far as I’m concerned, but it is very useful, because once that pronouncement has been made, a legal line has been crossed allowing us to intervene using our own equipment, our own medications.[/quote]

×àðëüç Ïëàòò (Êîìïàíèÿ «Áèîñòàç», áûâøèé ïðåçèäåíò Ôîíäà «Êðèî-ñîõðàíåíèå»)

Åñëè ñåãîäíÿ âû ñïðîñèòå âðà÷åé, «êîãäà íàñòóïàåò ìîìåíò ñìåðòè?», âàì, âåðîÿòíî, îòâåòÿò: «ïðè îòñóòñòâèè ïóëüñà, äûõàíèÿ è ìîçãîâîé äåÿòåëüíîñòè». Âû ñìîæåòå âîçðàçèòü: «Íî âû âåäü ïîñòîÿííî âûâîäèòå ëþäåé èç ýòîãî ñîñòîÿíèÿ». «Äà» -- îòâåòÿò âàì. Íî â òàêîì ñëó÷àå, ýòè ëþäè íå ìîãëè áûòü ìåðòâû. Îíè íå áûëè ìåðòâû, ïîñêîëüêó íå áûëè «îôèöèàëüíî ïðèçíàíû» òàêîâûìè. Òàê ÷òî, ïî-ìîåìó, âñå ýòî - ÷èñòî þðèäè÷åñêàÿ ôèêöèÿ.  òî æå âðåìÿ, þðèäè÷åñêîå óñòàíîâëåíèå ôàêòà ñìåðòè äîâîëüíî ïîëåçíî. Îíî ïîçâîëÿåò íàì íà÷àòü äåéñòâîâàòü, èñïîëüçîâàòü êðèîãåííîå îáîðóäîâàíèå è ñîáñòâåííûå ìåäèêàìåíòîçíûå ñðåäñòâà.

[quote]Part-ID 018 Peter A. Passaro (Scientist in the fields of neuroengineering and neural dynamics)
Start 0:10:03 / 0:10:03 Stop 0:10:24 / 0:10:24
I don’t think in terms of, How long do I want to live? Just, How long can I live? I’m not quite as far towards the idea of, I don’t think I am an absolutist, an immortalist. I’m just going to keep pushing the technology and doing everything that I can to extend my life. I don’t see a point at which I would say “I don’t want to live anymore”[/quote]

Ïèòåð Ïàññàðî (Èññëåäîâàòåëü â îáëàñòè íåéðî-èíæåíåðèè è íåéðî-äèíàìèêè)

ß íå ñòàâëþ âîïðîñà, «ñêîëüêî ÿ õîòåë áû ïðîæèòü?» Âîïðîñ ëèøü â òîì, «ñêîëüêî ÿ ñìîãó ïðîæèòü?». ß íå âïàäàþ â êðàéíîñòè, íå ñ÷èòàþ ñåáÿ àáñîëþòèñòîì èëè «èììîðòàëèñòîì». ß ëèøü õî÷ó ñîäåéñòâîâàòü ïðîãðåññó áèîòåõíîëîãèè è äåëàòü âñå, ÷òî â ìîèõ ñèëàõ, ÷òîáû ïðîäëèòü ñâîþ æèçíü. Íå äóìàþ, ÷òî êîãäà-ëèáî íàñòóïèò ìîìåíò, êîãäà ÿ íå çàõî÷ó æèòü äîëüøå.

[quote]Part-ID 019 David S. Pizer (Former Alcor Vice President, owner of the Creekside Preserve/Ventureville)
Start 0:10:24 / 0:10:24 Stop 0:11:00 / 0:11:00
If they do have to create their own eternity, they want to create a good one, and so they are laying down the right steps now. Umm, and also if we do develop physical immortality, which is what I do think we will develop, umm I think that will bring in a built in incentive for people to live moral lives, because you know, if you get the death penalty when people are immortal and they can live forever then that is a whole lot worse than the death penalty to a mortal person.[/quote]

Äàâèä Ïàéçåð (Áûâøèé âèöå-ïðåçèäåíò êîìïàíèè «Àëüêîð», âëàäåëåö Êðèêñàéäñêîãî Çàïîâåäíèêà - Âåí÷óðâèëü)

Åñëè ëþäè çàõîòÿò äîñòè÷ü âå÷íîé æèçíè – îíè çàõîòÿò ïðîæèòü åå â äîáðå. Ïîýòîìó óæå òåïåðü çàêëàäûâàþòñÿ íåîáõîäèìûå îñíîâû. Åñëè ìû ñìîæåì äîáèòüñÿ ôèçè÷åñêîãî áåññìåðòèÿ – è ÿ óâåðåí, ÷òî íàì ýòî óäàñòñÿ – ýòî ñàìî ïî ñåáå ñòàíåò ìîùíûì ñòèìóëîì äëÿ äîáðîäåòåëüíîé æèçíè. Îäíî äåëî -- ñìåðòíàÿ êàçíü ïðåñòóïíèêó, êîòîðîìó è òàê ñóæäåíî óìåðåòü. Ãîðàçäî õóæå, åñëè ÷åëîâåê ïðèãîâîðåí ê ñìåðòè â îáùåñòâå, ãäå âîçìîæíà âå÷íàÿ æèçíü.

[quote]Part-ID 020 Kenneth X. Sills (Director, Immortality Institute)
Start 0:11:00 / 0:11:00 Stop 0:11:17 / 0:11:17
I think the quest for immortality is not only noble, in imbues us with a Nobless Oblige. Those that achieve this are under an obligation to serve society, to serve back to humanity, and I think that we will have a lot to contribute.[/quote]

Êåíåò Ñèëñ (Äèðåêòîð Èíñòèòóòà Áåññìåðòèÿ)

ß ñ÷èòàþ, ÷òî äîñòèæåíèå áåññìåðòèÿ – áëàãîðîäíåéøàÿ ìèññèÿ. Ëþäè, äîáèâàþùèåñÿ áåññìåðòèÿ, ïðèíèìàþò íà ñåáÿ îáÿçàòåëüñòâî ñëóæèòü îáùåñòâó è ÷åëîâå÷åñòâó â öåëîì. ß ñ÷èòàþ, ÷òî ìû ìîæåì âíåñòè ñåðüåçíûé âêëàä â îáùåå äåëî.

[quote]Part-ID 021 narrator: Life Extension Foundation
Start 0:11:17 / 0:11:17 0:11:17.000 Stop 0:11:30 / 0:11:30
Growing to more than 100.000 members since 1980 the Life Extension Foundation is the worlds largest organization dedicated to investigating scientific methods for preventing aging and death.[/quote]

Î Ôîíäå Ïðîäëåíèÿ Æèçíè:

Íà÷èíàÿ ñ 1980 ãîäà, ÷ëåíñòâî Ôîíäà Ïðîäëåíèÿ Æèçíè âûðîñëî äî 100 000 ÷åëîâåê. Ýòî – êðóïíåéøàÿ ìèðîâàÿ îðãàíèçàöèÿ, ÷üåé ìèññèåé ÿâëÿåòñÿ èññëåäîâàíèå íàó÷íûõ ìåòîäîâ ïðåäîòâðàùåíèÿ ñòàðåíèÿ è ñìåðòè.

[quote]Part-ID 022 William Faloon (Director, Life Extension Foundation,www.lef.org)
Start 0:11:30 / 0:11:30 0:11:30.000 Stop 0:11:57 / 0:11:58
Members of the Life Extension Foundation typically are extremely dedicated to maintaining themselves in an optimal state of health. Many of them simply want to live as long as they can without suffering the debilitating effects of aging. Some of them are very hardcore: They actually want to live forever - as I do. They dont want to die, they dont believe people have to die if science advances fast enough to overcome the molecular changes that are involved in aging and death.[/quote]

Âèëüÿì Ôàëóí (Äèðåêòîð Ôîíäà Ïðîäëåíèÿ Æèçíè www.lef.org)

×ëåíû Ôîíäà Ïðîäëåíèÿ Æèçíè â áîëüøèíñòâå ñâîåì î÷åíü áåðåæíî îòíîñÿòñÿ ê çäîðîâüþ. Áîëüøèíñòâî èç íèõ ïðîñòî õîòÿò æèòü êàê ìîæíî äîëüøå, íå ïîääàâàÿñü ðàçðóøèòåëüíîìó âîçäåéñòâèþ ñòàðåíèÿ.
Íåêîòîðûå íàñòðîåíû äîâîëüíî ñåðüåçíî – îíè õîòÿò æèòü âå÷íî. ß ïðèíàäëåæó ê èõ ÷èñëó. Îíè íå õîòÿò óìèðàòü, íå ñ÷èòàþò ñìåðòü íåèçáåæíîñòüþ – ïðè óñëîâèè, åñëè íàóêà áóäåò ðàçâèâàòüñÿ äîñòàòî÷íî áûñòðî è ñóìååò ïðåîäîëåòü ìîëåêóëÿðíûå èçìåíåíèÿ, ïðèâîäÿùèå ê ñòàðåíèþ è ñìåðòè.



[quote]DVD-title 2
Part-ID 023 narrator about aging
Start 0:00:01 / 0:11:58 0:11:58.000 Stop 0:00:18 / 0:12:17
[ Aging ]
Trying to define more accurately the process of aging has been challenging for scientists. While the outward occurrence of aging on the human body seems obvious, finding exact biomarkers that accurately measures this process has been illusive.[/quote]

×àñòü 2. Ñòàðåíèå

Òî÷íîå âûÿñíåíèå ïðè÷èí ïðîöåññà ñòàðåíèÿ ÿâëÿåòñÿ ñëîæíåéøåé íàó÷íîé çàäà÷åé. Âíåøíèå ïðîÿâëåíèÿ ñòàðåíèÿ î÷åâèäíû. Îäíàêî, ÷ðåçâû÷àéíî òðóäíî âûÿâèòü êîíêðåòíûå áèîëîãè÷åñêèå ìåõàíèçìû ýòîãî ïðîöåññà.


[quote]Part-ID 024 Christopher B. Heward, Ph.D. (Pres. Kronos Science Laboratories, Inc. Optimal Health Company)
start 0:00:18 / 0:12:17 0:12:17.000 stop 0:01:04 / 0:13:02

We do age but we don't age at the same pace. So the question is, why do we.. why are we old at 80 instead of 18? And what's so magic about the number 80 why not a hundred?.. why not 200? I mean, mice are old at age 3. Well, there is a big difference between 80 and 3. But.. why not.. longer? The difference must then not be.. hmm structural, must not be emm.. We don't age because of the passage of time, we age because our biochemistry allows us to age, or we age more slowly because our biochemistry allows us to age more slowly.[quote]

Äð. Êðèñòîôåð Õüþàðä (Äèðåêòîð ôèðì «Ëàáîðàòîðèè Õðîíîñ» è «Îïòèìàëüíîå Çäîðîâüå»)

Âñå ìû ñòàðååì, íî ñòàðååì ñ ðàçíîé ñêîðîñòüþ. Ïîýòîìó ãëàâíûé âîïðîñ -- ïî÷åìó ìû ïðåâðàùàåìñÿ â ãëóáîêèõ ñòàðèêîâ ê 80 ãîäàì, à ñêàæåì, íå ê 18? È ÷òî òàêîãî ìàãè÷åñêîãî â öèôðå 80? Ïî÷åìó íå 100 èëè 200 ëåò?
Ìûøè ñòàðåþò è óìèðàþò â òå÷åíèå òðåõ ëåò. Ðàçíèöà ìåæäó òðåìÿ è âîñüìèäåñÿòüþ ãîäàìè äîâîëüíî ñóùåñòâåííàÿ. Íî ïî÷åìó íåâîçìîæíî æèòü äîëüøå? Ðàçíèöà, âèäèìî, â ñòðóêòóðå.
Ìû ñòàðååì íå ïðîñòî ïîòîìó, ÷òî èäåò âðåìÿ. Ìû ñòàðååì èç-çà îïðåäåëåííûõ áèîõèìè÷åñêèõ ïðîöåññîâ, ïðîòåêàþùèõ â íàøåì òåëå. Ìû ñòàðååì ìåäëåííåå áëàãîäàðÿ êîíêðåòíûì áèîõèìè÷åñêèì ïðîöåññàì.


[/quote]Part-ID 025 Joao Pedro de Magalhaes, Ph.D.
start 0:01:04 / 0:13:02 0:13:02.000 stop 0:01:34 / 0:13:32
But I tend.. I tend to look more on this processes as, again as I said before, as linked to development which is a well orchestrated
genetically determined process. And then aging occurs indirectly because of the same set of processes. And the pace of which development processes occur then also influences the pace in which aging occurs.[quote]

Äð. Äæîàî Ïåäðî äå Ìàãàëàåñ

ß ñ÷èòàþ, ÷òî ïðîöåññ ñòàðåíèÿ ñâÿçàí ñ ïðîöåññîì îáùåãî ðàçâèòèÿ îðãàíèçìà. Ýòî õîðîøî ñèíõðîíèçèðîâàííûé ãåíåòè÷åñêèé ïðîöåññ.
Ñòàðåíèå ÿâëÿåòñÿ êîñâåííûì ðåçóëüòàòîì òîé æå ãðóïïû ïðîöåññîâ. Ñêîðîñòü ïðîöåññîâ ðàçâèòèÿ òàêæå âëèÿåò íà ñêîðîñòü ïðîöåññà ñòàðåíèÿ.

[/quote]Part-ID 026 Stephen L. Coles, M.D., Ph.D.
start 0:01:34 / 0:13:32 stop 0:01:52 / 0:13:50
My current research at UCLA involves Supercentenarians, people who are more than 110 years old, because that is the group of individuals who can tell us the secret, if they could, of what are the limits of human lifespan.[quote]

Äð. Ñòåôåí Êîëñ (Êàëèôîðíèéñêèé óíèâåðñèòåò, Ëîñ Àíæåëåñ)

 ìîåé íûíåøíåé ðàáîòå â Êàëèôîðíèéñêîì Óíèâåðñèòåòå, ÿ îáñëåäóþ ëþäåé ñòàðøå 110 ëåò, ïîñêîëüêó èçó÷åíèå èìåííî ýòîé ãðóïïû ìîæåò ïðîëèòü ñâåò íà ñåêðåò äîëãîëåòèÿ è ãðàíèöû ÷åëîâå÷åñêîé æèçíè.

[/quote]Part-ID 027 Antonei Csoka, Ph.D.
start 0:01:52 / 0:13:50 stop 0:03:14 0:15:11
I think that therapeutic cloning is probably the most practical technique that we have for cheating aging, because you can in theory, well even in practice as well these days, take a cell, do nuclear transfer, make embryonic stem cells, and then differentiate those embryonic stem cells into whatever cell types you need to treat whichever disease you want, age related disease you want to treat.
One example might be, one practical way you could treat the whole body possibly would be to make bone marrow stem cells from the embryonic stem cells, from the rejuvenated embryonic stem cells, and then you know seed those young bone marrow cells into the body, and they will automatically find their way into the bone marrow, because it is now known that the bone marrow replenishes a lot of other cells in the body, like in the vascular endothelium. Then, that way maybe you could sort of rejuvenate the vascular endothelium by giving people younger bone marrow. [quote]

Äð. Àíòîíè Êñîêà

ß ñ÷èòàþ, ÷òî òåðàïåâòè÷åñêîå êëîíèðîâàíèå, âîçìîæíî, ÿâëÿåòñÿ íàèáîëåå ðåàëüíûì ìåòîäîì áîðüáû ñî ñòàðåíèåì. Òåîðåòè÷åñêè, à â íàøè äíè äàæå ïðàêòè÷åñêè, ìîæíî âçÿòü êëåòêó, âíåñòè â íåå ãåíåòè÷åñêèé ìàòåðèàë, òåì ñàìûì ñîçäàâàÿ ýìáðèîíàëüíûå ñòâîëîâûå êëåòêè, à çàòåì èñïîëüçîâàòü ýòè ñòâîëîâûå êëåòêè äëÿ âûðàùèâàíèÿ ñïåöèàëüíûõ òèïîâ êëåòîê è òêàíåé, íåîáõîäèìûõ äëÿ ëå÷åíèÿ êàêèõ-óãîäíî áîëåçíåé, âêëþ÷àÿ áîëåçíè, ñâÿçàííûå ñî ñòàðåíèåì.

Îäíèì èç âîçìîæíûõ ïðàêòè÷åñêèõ ïóòåé ëå÷åíèÿ âñåãî îðãàíèçìà ÿâëÿåòñÿ ïðîèçâîäñòâî ñòâîëîâûõ êëåòîê êîñòíîãî ìîçãà èç ýìáðèîíàëüíûõ ñòâîëîâûõ êëåòîê, òî åñòü, èç îìîëîæåííûõ ñòâîëîâûõ êëåòîê. Òàêèå êëåòêè ìîæíî âíåäðèòü â îðãàíèçì è îíè àâòîìàòè÷åñêè ïðîíèêíóò â êîñòíûé ìîçã. Ñåãîäíÿ èçâåñòíî, ÷òî êîñòíûé ìîçã ïîñòîÿííî îáíîâëÿåò ìíîãèå êëåòêè îðãàíèçìà, íàïðèìåð, ýíäîòåëèàëüíûå êëåòêè ñîñóäîâ. Òàêèì îáðàçîì ìîæíî áóäåò îìîëàæèâàòü êëåòêè ñîñóäîâ ïóòåì îìîëîæåíèÿ êîñòíîãî ìîçãà.

[/quote]Part-ID 028 Ben Goertzel, Ph.D.
start 0:03:14 0:15:11 stop 0:03:53 0:15:52
I think that the point of view of Rafal and Aubrey and the others is basically correct. There may not be one magic bullet, but if we design therapies that will extend human life by 50 years, during those 50 years you can resolve the remaining problems through exponential advancement in science. So, I think its not clear now if its going to be a mitochondrial gene therapy, vector, genetic nuclear therapy, or whether its going to be a chemical compound. I don’t think that’s clear, there are a lot of details to be worked out with the mechanisms.[quote]

Äð. Áåí Ãåðöåëü

ß ñ÷èòàþ, ÷òî òî÷êà çðåíèÿ Ðàôàëÿ è Îáðè ôóíäàìåíòàëüíî âåðíà.
Ìû ìîæåì íå îáíàðóæèòü íåêîé åäèíîé ïàíàöåè, íåêîé «ìàãè÷åñêîé ïóëè».
Îäíàêî, åñëè íàì óäàñòñÿ ñîçäàòü òåðàïåâòè÷åñêèå ñðåäñòâà, ñïîñîáíûå ïðîäëèòü ÷åëîâå÷åñêóþ æèçíü íà ïÿòüäåñÿò ëåò – â òå÷åíèå ýòèõ ïÿòèäåñÿòè ëåò ìû ñìîæåì ðåøèòü îñòàâøèåñÿ ïðîáëåìû áëàãîäàðÿ ýêñïîíåíöèàëüíîìó óñêîðåíèþ íàó÷íîãî ïðîãðåññà.  íàñòîÿùèé ìîìåíò íå ÿñíî, áóäåò ëè ýòî ìèòîõîíäðèàëüíàÿ ãåíåòè÷åñêàÿ òåðàïèÿ, âåêòîðíàÿ ãåíåòè÷åñêàÿ òåðàïèÿ, ÿäåðíàÿ ãåíåòè÷åñêàÿ òåðàïèÿ, èëè ìîæåò áûòü êàêîå-òî õèìè÷åñêîå ñðåäñòâî. Ýòîò âîïðîñ ïîêà íå ðåøåí -- íóæíî ïðåäâàðèòåëüíî âûÿñíèòü îãðîìíîå ÷èñëî äåòàëåé áèîëîãè÷åñêèõ ìåõàíèçìîâ.

[/quote]Part-ID 029 narrator about Dr. Rose
start 0:03:53 0:15:52 stop 0:04:17 0:16:16
UCLA biologist Dr. Michael Rose established the evolutionary connection between sex and death by breeding fruit flies. Dr. Rose has selected only those flies who reproduced late in life and bred them with one another. The longer it took the insects to reproduce, the longer they lived. He now has flies that live more than 130 days instead of the usual 40. [quote]

Èññëåäîâàíèÿ äð. Ìàéêëà Ðîóçà:

Äð. Ìàéêë Ðîóç – áèîëîã èç Êàëèôîðíèéñêîãî Óíèâåðñèòåòà, Ëîñ Àíæåëåñ. Ïóòåì ñåëåêöèè ôðóêòîâûõ ìóõ, Äð. Ðîóç óñòàíîâèë ýâîëþöèîííóþ ñâÿçü ìåæäó ñåêñîì è ñìåðòüþ. Äð. Ðîóç îòáèðàë ìóõ, êîòîðûå íà÷èíàþò ðàçìíîæàòüñÿ â áîëåå ïîçäíåì âîçðàñòå, à çàòåì ñïàðèâàë èõ. ×åì ïîçäíåå íàñåêîìûå íà÷èíàëè ðàçìíîæàòüñÿ – òåì äîëüøå æèëè. Òàêèì îáðàçîì, â åãî ëàáîðàòîðèè áûëè ïîëó÷åíû ìóõè, æèâóùèå áîëåå 130 äíåé, âìåñòî îáû÷íûõ 40.

[/quote]Part-ID 030 Michael R. Rose, Ph.D. (Professor in the Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology; University of California Irvine)
start 0:04:17 0:16:16 stop 0:07:22 0:19:20
And you go from this almost vertical increase in mortality rates to maybe a gentle increase in mortality rates of a bobbling up and down in mortality rates. This is amazing, is one of the more incredible instances. I know of vast numbers of colleagues in cell biology won’t agree with the following statement, but I think if the fundamental scientific issues in aging are largely resolved… by fundamental I mean really fundamental, the way a physicist would consider them fundamental. Not the way a biologist would consider them fundamental. To a biologist, a new pathway is fundamental, to me it isn’t. You know there are lots of pathways genetic pathways, and biochemical pathways in organisms. That doesn’t mean that aging isn’t a huge practical problem, and its of enormous interest in actually producing interventions in human aging. If, you know, the person is interested in that, and I think that is an as valuable, if not more important, technological issue than building a better internet or faster car or traveling to the moon, or any of those other technological issues will be can accomplish. But, in addressing problems like traveling to the moon you are solving vast numbers of engineering problems, vast numbers of detailed problems and not doing fundamental science. Umm, in the same way I regard postponing aging in humans in the same category as taking a person to the moon, we require a vast amount of engineering and a great deal of scientific expertise, but in itself is not really scientifically fundamental. So, I am a scientist and what I am most interested in my scientific research as opposed to my involvement in any kind of practical activity, is the deepest questions, and the deepest questions right now to me revolve around biological immortality. What is it all about? Something we really didn’t understand existed before the 1990s in organisms like ourselves. We knew that it existed in organisms like sea anemones, creosote, juniper, trembling aspen, some hydra, simple coelenterate, uhh nobody was really studying that phenomenon, because nobody really cared that much because most people that work on aging do it from a medical standpoint which means humans, or if not humans then certainly mammals, uhh and all these organisms that didn’t have an aging process were far removed from mammals. We now know that all mammals, or more precisely all the evidence suggests that all mammals undergo a cessation of aging very late in their life cycle, and from that point on aging stopped. So, life can be thought of as being divided into three basic stages. The first one is your development and growth to maturation. The second part is your aging phase which starts just about when you are mature, and then continues for a very long time, but then finally stops when you enter a third phase, a phase of biological immortality in which aging no longer occurs and you have in the case of many organisms, but not all, a very low survival probability per year which doesn’t really systematically degrade with time. And, that third phase which is not really been explored by contemporary biology is what interests me now. Late life.[quote]

Ïðîôåññîð Ìàéêë Ðîóç (Îòäåëåíèå Ýêîëîãèè è Ýâîëþöèîííîé Áèîëîãèè, Êàëèôîðíèéñêèé Óíèâåðñèòåò, Èðâèí)

Ñóùåñòâóåò ôåíîìåí ïåðåõîäà îò î÷åíü ðåçêîãî ïîâûøåíèÿ óðîâíÿ ñìåðòíîñòè äî î÷åíü óìåðåííîãî åãî ïîâûøåíèÿ, êîãäà óðîâåíü ñìåðòíîñòè êîëåáëåòñÿ ÷óòü âûøå èëè íèæå íåêîé ïîñòîÿííîé âåëè÷èíû. Ýòî – ïîòðÿñàþùåå ÿâëåíèå.

Ìíîãèå ìîè êîëëåãè áèîëîãè ìîãóò íå ñîãëàñèòüñÿ ñî ñëåäóþùèì ìîèì óòâåðæäåíèåì. Îäíàêî ÿ ñ÷èòàþ, ÷òî ôóíäàìåíòàëüíûå íàó÷íûå âîïðîñû, ñâÿçàííûå ñî ñòàðåíèåì, â îáùåì è öåëîì ðàçðåøåíû. Ïîä ñëîâîì «ôóíäàìåíòàëüíûå» ÿ ïîäðàçóìåâàþ äåéñòâèòåëüíî ôóíäàìåíòàëüíûå îñíîâû, â òîì ñìûñëå, â êîòîðîì ôèçèêè âîñïðèíèìàþò ïîíÿòèå ôóíäàìåíòàëüíîñòè, à íå â òîì, â êîòîðîì åãî ïîíèìàþò áèîëîãè.

Áèîëîãè ñ÷èòàþò êàæäûé íîâûé îáíàðóæåííûé ìåòàáîëè÷åñêèé ïðîöåññ ôóíäàìåíòàëüíûì. ß òàê íå ñ÷èòàþ. Ñóùåñòâóåò îãðîìíîå ÷èñëî áèîëîãè÷åñêèõ ïîñëåäîâàòåëüíîñòåé, ãåíåòè÷åñêèõ è áèîõèìè÷åñêèõ ïðîöåññîâ, ïðîòåêàþùèõ â îðãàíèçìå. Ïðè ýòîì, áîðüáà ñî ñòàðåíèåì îñòàåòñÿ êîëîññàëüíîé ïðàêòè÷åñêîé ïðîáëåìîé. Êðèòè÷åñêè âàæíûì âîïðîñîì ÿâëÿåòñÿ ñîçäàíèå äåéñòâåííûõ ìåòîäîâ âìåøàòåëüñòâà â ïðîöåññû ñòàðåíèÿ.
Ýòî - ñòîëü æå âàæíàÿ, âîçìîæíî, ãîðàçäî áîëåå âàæíàÿ òåõíîëîãè÷åñêàÿ çàäà÷à, ÷åì ñîçäàíèå áîëåå ñîâåðøåííûõ êîìïüþòåðíûõ ñåòåé, áîëåå áûñòðûõ àâòîìîáèëåé èëè ïîëåòîâ íà Ëóíó. Ïðè ðåøåíèè òàêèõ çàäà÷, êàê ïîëåò íà Ëóíó, íåîáõîäèìî ðåøèòü îãðîìíîå ÷èñëî îòäåëüíûõ èíæåíåðíûõ ïðîáëåì, âûÿñíèòü îãðîìíîå ÷èñëî äåòàëåé. Îäíàêî ðåøåíèå òàêèõ çàäà÷ íå ÿâëÿåòñÿ ôóíäàìåíòàëüíîé íàóêîé.

Ïî ìîåìó ìíåíèþ, çàäåðæêà ÷åëîâå÷åñêîãî ñòàðåíèÿ ÿâëÿåòñÿ ïðîáëåìîé òîãî æå ðîäà, êàê è ïîëåò íà Ëóíó. Ýòà çàäà÷à òðåáóåò êîëîññàëüíûõ èíæåíåðíûõ è íàó÷íûõ çíàíèé, îäíàêî ñàìà ïî ñåáå íå ÿâëÿåòñÿ íàó÷íî ôóíäàìåíòàëüíîé.
ß – ó÷åíûé è, â îòëè÷èå îò ìîåé ïðàêòè÷åñêîé äåÿòåëüíîñòè, ìîÿ íàó÷íàÿ ðàáîòà ïîñâÿùåíà ðåøåíèþ îñíîâîïîëàãàþùèõ âîïðîñîâ.

 íàñòîÿùèé ìîìåíò, íàèáîëåå âîëíóþùèé ìåíÿ âîïðîñ êàñàåòñÿ áèîëîãè÷åñêîãî áåññìåðòèÿ. ×åì îíî îáúÿñíÿåòñÿ?

Äî äåâÿíîñòûõ ãîäîâ, ìû ñ÷èòàëè, ÷òî ôåíîìåí áèîëîãè÷åñêîãî áåññìåðòèÿ íå èìååò íèêàêîãî îòíîøåíèÿ ê ÷åëîâåêó èëè ê îðãàíèçìàì, ïîõîæèì íà ÷åëîâåêà.
Ìû çíàëè, ÷òî áèîëîãè÷åñêîå áåññìåðòèå ïðèñóòñâóåò ó îðãàíèçìîâ òèïà ìîðñêèõ âåòðåíèö, êðåîçîòîâ, ìîææåâåëüíèêà, îñèíû, ó ãèäð, ïðîñòûõ êèøå÷íîïîëîñòíûõ.
Ïðàêòè÷åñêè íèêòî íå èçó÷àë ýòî ÿâëåíèå, ïîñêîëüêî íèêîìó íå áûëî äî ýòîãî äåëà. Áîëüøèíñòâî èññëåäîâàòåëåé ðàññìàòðèâàþò ñòàðåíèå ÷èñòî ñ ìåäèöèíñêîé òî÷êè çðåíèÿ, òî åñòü èçó÷àþò òîëüêî ñòàðåíèå ëþäåé, â êðàéíåì ñëó÷àå ìëåêîïèòàþùèõ. Îðãàíèçìû æå, ó êîòîðûõ ñòàðåíèå ïîëíîñòüþ îòñóòñòâîâàëî, ìëåêîïèòàþùèìè íå ÿâëÿëèñü.

Òåïåðü ìû çíàåì, ÷òî ó áîëüøèíñòâà ìëåêîïèòàþùèõ, â îïðåäåëåííûé ïîçäíèé ïåðèîä èõ æèçíåííîãî öèêëà, ñòàðåíèå ïðåêðàùàåòñÿ. Âñå èìåþùèåñÿ â íàøåì ðàñïîðÿæåíèè äàííûå óêàçûâàþò íà ýòî. Òàêèì îáðàçîì, ìîæíî ðàçäåëèòü æèçíåííûé öèêë íà òðè îñíîâûõ ïåðèîäà.  ïåðâîé ñòàäèè ïðîèñõîäèò ðàçâèòèå, ðîñò è ñîçðåâàíèå. Âî âòîðîé ñòàäèè, ñðàçó ïî äîñòèæåíèè çðåëîñòè, íà÷èíàþòñÿ ïðîöåññû ñòàðåíèÿ, ïðîäîëæàþùèåñÿ â òå÷åíèå äëèòåëüíîãî âðåìåíè. Çàòåì ñòàðåíèå âíåçàïíî ïðåêðàùàåòñÿ è íàñòóïàåò òðåòüÿ ñòàäèÿ, ñòàäèÿ áèîëîãè÷åñêîãî áåññìåðòèÿ.  ýòîé ñòàäèè ó ìíîãèõ îðãàíèçìîâ, íå ó âñåõ êîíå÷íî, ñòàðåíèå îòñóòñòâóåò è âåðîÿòíîñòü ñìåðòè çíà÷èòåëüíî ïîíèæàåòñÿ. Ýòà âåðîÿòíîñòü ñî âðåìåíåì ôàêòè÷åñêè íå èçìåíÿåòñÿ.
Ýòà òðåòüÿ ñòàäèÿ ïëîõî èçó÷åíà â ñîâðåìåííîé áèîëîãèè è èìåííî îíà-òî ìåíÿ è èíòåðåñóåò – ïîçäíèé ïåðèîä æèçíè.

[/quote]Part-ID 031 William Faloon
start 0:07:22 / 0:19:20
[ Caloric Restriction ]
You know the Calorie Restriction is the most documented way to extend our lifespan. We are looking for nutrients, drugs, hormones that have the same effect on our genome as does Calorie Restriction.[quote]

Âèëüÿì Ôàëóí (îá îãðàíè÷åíèè êàëîðèéíîñòè ïèùè):

Îãðàíè÷åíèå êàëîðèéíîñòè ïèùè – ýòî íàèáîëåå òâåðäî íàó÷íî óñòàíîâëåííûé ìåòîä ïðîäëåíèÿ æèçíè. Âåäåòñÿ ïîèñê ïèòàòåëüíûõ âåùåòñâ, ëåêàðñòâ è ãîðìîíîâ, îáëàäàþùèõ òåì æå âëèÿíèåì íà íàø ãåíåòè÷åñêèé àïïàðàò, ÷òî è îãðàíè÷åíèå êàëîðèéíîñòè ïèùè.

[/quote]Part-ID 032 Peter Voss
start 0:07:35 / 0:19:34 stop 0:08:07 / 0:20:05
If we believe that there is a good chance that technology will become available in the next ten, twenty, thirty years to dramatically extend our lives or to give us indefinite life spans, then of course the most important thing is to stay alive long enough to, you know, to benefit from that technology. And that's one of the main reasons why I am doing Calorie Restriction, because it very dramatically reduces the risk of dying, of killing diseases.[quote]

Ïèòåð Âîññ

Åñëè ìû ñ÷èòàåì, ÷òî â òå÷åíèå ñëåäóþùèõ äåñÿòè, äâàäöàòè èëè òðèäöàòè ëåò åñòü øàíñ, ÷òî áóäóò ñîçäàíû òåõíîëîãèè äëÿ ðàäèêàëüíîãî èëè äàæå íåîãðàíè÷åííîãî ïðîäëåíèÿ íàøåé æèçíè, òîãäà îñíîâíàÿ öåëü – îñòàòüñÿ â æèâûõ äî òåõ ïîð, êîãäà ìîæíî áóäåò âîñïîëüçîâàòüñÿ ýòèìè òåõíîëîãèÿìè.
Âîò ïî÷åìó ÿ îãðàíè÷èâàþ êàëîðèéíîñòü ñâîåé ïèùè. Ýòà ñèñòåìà ðàäèêàëüíî óìåíüøàåò ðèñê ñìåðòè è ôàòàëüíûõ çàáîëåâàíèé.

[/quote]Part-ID 033 Robert Bradbury
Start 0:08:07 / 0:20:05 Stop 0:08:29 / 0:20:27
And that's why caloric restriction works, is because if you run a mitochondrial leaner, which is what you do when you are basically calorically restricted. Ok? Then they produce less few radicals, then the few radicals don't damage the nuclear DNA, then you don't get the double strain break problem, or they damage it at a little slower rate.[quote]

Ðîáåðò Áðýäáåðè

Ïîëîæèòåëüíûé ýôôåêò îãðàíè÷åíèÿ êàëîðèéíîñòè ïèùè ïðîèñõîäèò ñëåäóþùèì îáðàçîì. Ïðè ïîòðåáëåíèè ìåíüøåãî êîëè÷åñòâî êàëîðèé – ìèòîõîíäðèè ìåíåå çàãðóæåíû ðàáîòîé. Ïîýòîìó îíè ïðîèçâîäÿò ìåíüøåå êîëè÷åñòâî âðåäíûõ ñâîáîäíûõ ðàäèêàëîâ. Ìåíüøå ñâîáîäíûõ ðàäèêàëîâ – ìåíüøå âðåäà íàíîñèòñÿ ÄÍÊ, íå âîçíèêàåò ïðîáëåìû ðàçðûâà öåïî÷åê ÄÍÊ. À åñëè âðåä è íàíîñèòñÿ, òî â ãîðàçäî ìåíüøåé ñòåïåíè è ãîðàçäî ìåäëåííåå.

[/quote]Part-ID 034 Louise Gold (CFO, Adaptive A.I. Inc)
start 0:08:29 / 0:20:27 0:20:27.000
To me caloric restriction is eating just enough food to sustain your body and making sure that you get enough vitamins and nutrients.[quote]

Ëóèçà Ãîëüä (ôèðìà Àäàïòàöèîííûé Èñêóññòâåííûé Èíòåëëåêò)

Äëÿ ìåíÿ îãðàíè÷åèå êàëîðèéíîñòè îçíà÷àåò ïðîñòî ïîòðåáëåíèå äîñòàòî÷íîãî êîëè÷åñòâà ïèùè äëÿ ïîääåðæàíèÿ ñâîåãî òåëà. Ïðè ýòîì íåîáõîäèìî çàáîòèòüñÿ, ÷òîáû îðãàíèçì ïîëó÷àë äîñòàòî÷íîå êîëè÷åñòâî âèòàìèíîâ è ïèòàòåëüíûõ âåùåñòâ.

[/quote]Part-ID 035 Ben Goertzel, Ph.D.
start 0:08:40 / 0:20:38 0:20:38.000
The amazing advance in the understanding of aging that we are now, as was in 1995, is really obvious. The caloric restriction research wasn’t even really started then and all these mechanisms that Aubray de Grey is talking about they were barely inclined at that point of time, so there is just no arguing with the amount of advance that's going on.[quote]

Äð. Áåí Ãåðöåëü

Ïî ñðàâíåíèþ ñ 1995 ãîäîì, ïðîèçîøåë î÷åâèäíûé ñêà÷îê â ïîíèìàíèè ñòàðåíèÿ.  òî âðåìÿ èññëåäîâàíèÿ îãðàíè÷åíèÿ êàëîðèéíîñòè ïðàêòè÷åñêè íå ïðîâîäèëèñü, à ìåõàíèçìû, î êîòîðûõ ãîâîðèò Îáðè äå Ãðåé, ëèøü ïîëó÷àëè íà÷àëüíóþ ôîðìóëèðîâêó. Íåñîìíåííî, èìååò ìåñòî êîëîññàëüíûé ïðîãðåññ.

[/quote]Part-ID 036 Joao Pedro de Magalhaes, Ph.D.
start 0:09:07 / 0:21:05 0:21:05.000
It’s why shouldn't it working in humans? I mean there are species that live longer than us. So caloric restriction may allow us to push our limits a little bit further. I don’t think we reached the limits of human longevity/jeopardy????, not at all.[quote]

Äð. Äæîàî Ïåäðî äå Ìàãàëàåñ

Ïî÷åìó ïðîäëåíèå ÷åëîâå÷åñêîé æèçíè íåâîçìîæíî? Ñóùåñòâóþò âèäû îðãàíèçìîâ, æèâóùèå ãîðàçäî äîëüøå íàñ. Îãðàíè÷åíèå êàëîðèéíîñòè ìîæåò ïîçâîëèòü íàì íåìíîãî ðàñøèðèòü ãðàíèöû íàøèõ âîçìîæíîñòåé. ß íå ñ÷èòàþ, ÷òî ìû äîñòèãëè ïðåäåëà ÷åëîâå÷åñêîãî äîëãîëåòèÿ.

[/quote]Part-ID 037 narrator: about Dr. Aubrey de Grey
start 0:09:23 / 0:21:21 0:21:21.000
(many??? things??? in/and????) sharp prospective University of Cambridge gerontologist Dr. Aubrey de Grey calls aging a barbaric phenomenon that shouldn't be tolerated in polite society.[quote]

Äð. Îáðè äå Ãðåé, èçâåñòíûé ãåðîíòîëîã èç Êýìáðèäæñêîãî Óíèâåðñèòåòà, ñ÷èòàåò, ÷òî ñòàðåíèå – âàðâàðñêîå ÿâëåíèå, íåïðèåìëèìîå â öèâèëèçîâàííîì îáùåñòâå.

[/quote]Part-ID 038 Aubrey de Grey, Ph.D.
start 0:09:34 / 0:21:32 0:21:32.000
The main reason why people feel that curing aging would be a bad idea and that, in other words converted, is that aging itself is actually a good thing, is, as a 'copy strategie' yes, people start think, that any prospect of do anything about aging is fundamentally horrible.
Then their own way, you know, to put it out of ones mind is to convince oneself that's actually not so bad after all.[quote]

Äð. Îáðè äå Ãðåé

Ïî÷åìó ëþäè ïîëàãàþò, ÷òî ïîáåäà íàä ñòàðåíèåì íåæåëàòåëüíà? Ýòî âñå ðàâíî, ÷òî óòâåðæäàòü, ÷òî ñòàðåíèå – ýòî áëàãî. Ìíîãèå ëþäè, äåéñòâèòåëüíî, óâåðåíû, ÷òî ïîïûòêè áîðîòüñÿ ñî ñòàðåíèåì ïðèâåäóò ê ÷åìó-òî óæàñíîìó. Ýòî – ïðèñïîñîáëåí÷åñêàÿ ñòðàòåãèÿ. Äëÿ òîãî, ÷òîáû ïðèìèðèòüñÿ ñ ìûñëüþ î ñìåðòè, ëþäè íà÷èíàþò óáåæäàòü ñåáÿ, ÷òî ñòàðåíèå è ñìåðòü – âîâñå íå òàê óæ ïëîõî.

[/quote]Part-ID 039 Joao Pedro de Magalhaes, Ph.D.
start 0:09:57 / 0:21:55 stop 0:10:41 / 0:22:39
But if you take a look at population in general, then you see most people are sceptical about anti-aging research. They don't think it's possible to slow down human aging within a reasonable future. And so, if you can show, that it's possible to reverse aging in mice or it is possible to reverse or delay even for a small degree aging in old people, I think that would bring a lot of attention to feel the attitude, give people the sensation that real anti-aging interventions are within their grasp.[quote]


Äð. Äæîàî Ïåäðî äå Ìàãàëàåñ

Åñëè ðàññìàòðèâàòü íàñåëåíèå â öåëîì, çàìåòíî, ÷òî áîëüøèíñòâî ëþäåé ñêåïòè÷åñêè îòíîñÿòñÿ ê èññëåäîâàíèÿì ïî ïðåîäîëåíèþ ñòàðåíèÿ. Îíè íå ñ÷èòàþò, ÷òî çàìåäëåíèå ñòàðåíèÿ ñòàíåò âîçìîæíûì â îáîçðèìîì áóäóùåì. Òàêèì îáðàçîì, åñëè íàì óäàñòñÿ äîêàçàòü, ÷òî ìîæíî ïîâåðíóòü ñòàðåíèå âñïÿòü ó ìûøåé, èëè ÷òî ìîæíî îáðàòèòü èëè äàæå â ìèíèìàëüíîé ìåðå çàìåäëèòü ñòàðåíèå ó ëþäåé, ýòî âûçîâåò îãðîìíûé èíòåðåñ è èçìåíèò îáùåå îòíîøåíèå. Ëþäè ïîâåðÿò, ÷òî â íàøèõ ñèëàõ -- ñîçäàòü äåéñòâåííûå ñðåäñòâà äëÿ áîðüáû ñî ñòàðåíèåì.


[/quote]Part-ID 040 Ben Goertzel, Ph.D.
start 0:10:41 / 0:22:39 stop 0:11:19 / 0:23:17
..but the greatest progress in understanding.. is just incredible, so it's almost like there is a, there is a more slarved??? biological understanding going on. Just like every 18 months computer processing speed is spread up by roughly factor two. It seems like in the last 10/15 years every couple of years there is a revolutionary new tools and new understandings in molecular biology and if that happens for another 8 or 10 years, it seems pretty likely to me that we will come more aware of a new radical new uderstanding of aging.[quote]

Äð. Áåí Ãåðöåëü

Òðóäíî ïîâåðèòü, íàñêîëüêî áûñòðî ïðîãðåññèðóåò óðîâåíü íàøåãî ïîíèìàíèÿ. Ýòî ïîõîæå íà òî, êàê ñêîðîñòü êîìïüþòåðíûõ âû÷èñëåíèé óäâàèâàåòñÿ êàæäûå 18 ìåñÿöåâ. Ñîçäàåòñÿ âïå÷àòëåíèå, ÷òî çà ïîñëåäíèå 10-15 ëåò, êàæäûå äâà-òðè ãîäà âîçíèêàþò ðåâîëþöèîííî íîâûå ìåòîäû è îòêðûòèÿ â ìîëåêóëÿðíîé áèîëîãèè. Åñëè òàê áóäåò ïðîäîëæàòüñÿ â òå÷åíèå ñëåäóþùèõ 8-10 ëåò, ÿ ïî÷òè óâåðåí, ìû äîñòèãíåì ðàäèêàëüíî íîâîãî ïîíèìàíèÿ ñòàðåíèÿ.

[/quote]Part-ID 041 David Kekich
start 0:11:19 / 0:23:17 stop 0:12:16 0:24:14
Typically researchers are very conservative people. Now aging researchers are.., or people who are involved in aging particularly are little more optimistic than most people. But maybe researchers are typically pretty conservative. So we had, we pose a question in the future when would you think people would say aging was solved or cured or whatever. And like when do you say polio for example was cured people stood polio very rarely but and people would may be stole??? aged but basically when would they say aging was cured. And we threw out extreme high and extreme low and we came up with an average or mean of, I think it was 2019 and to me that was shocking because thought I was really far out there in my optimism, I picked 2030.[quote]

Äàâèä Êåêèõ

Îáû÷íî, èññëåäîâàòåëè – î÷åíü êîíñåðâàòèâíûå ëþäè. Ãåðîíòîëîãè, è âîîáùå ëþäè, çàíèìàþùèåñÿ ïðîáëåìîé ñòàðåíèÿ, íåìíîãî áîëåå îïòèìèñòè÷íû, ÷åì áîëüøèíñòâî ëþäåé. Ìîæåò áûòü, èññëåäîâàòåëè â öåëîì äîâîëüíî êîíñåðâàòèâíû. Ìû ïðîâåëè îïðîñ, ïûòàÿñü âûÿñíèòü, êîãäà ïðîáëåìà ñòàðåíèÿ áóäåò ðåøåíà? Êîãäà ñòàðåíèå áóäåò ñ÷èòàòüñÿ èçëå÷èìûì? Íàïðèìåð, â íàñòîÿùåå âðåìÿ ïðîáëåìà ïîëèåìèåëèòà â ïðèíöèïå ðåøåíà, õîòÿ íåêîòîðûå ëþäè âñå åùå çàáîëåâàþò. Òàêèì æå îáðàçîì, âîçíèêàåò âîïðîñ: êîãäà ñòàíåò èçëå÷èìûì ñòàðåíèå? (Ýòî âîâñå íå îçíà÷àåò, ÷òî ñòàðûõ ëþäåé òîãäà íå áóäåò âîîáùå.) Âûäàâàëèñü êàê ÷ðåçâû÷àéíî îïòèìèñòè÷íûå, òàê è î÷åíü ïåññèìèñòè÷íûå ïðîãíîçû.  ñðåäíåì âûøëî îêîëî 2019 ãîäà. ß áûë ïîðàæåí. ß äî ýòîãî ñ÷èòàë ñåáÿ êðàéíèì îïòèìèñòîì, à ìîé ïðîãíîç áûë íà 2030 ãîä.

[/quote]Part-ID 042 Ben Best (President, Cryonics Institute, Clinton Township, Michigan)
start 0:12:16 0:24:14 stop 0:12:28 0:24:27
-after understand aging as a disease, usually when I ask the question I asked how long would you live if you can live as long as possible, ???? for condition.[quote]

Áåí Áåñò (Ïðåçèäåíò Èíñòèòóòà Êðèîíèêè, Êëèíòîí Òàóíøèï, Ìè÷èãàí)

ß âîñïðèíèìàþ ñòàðåíèå êàê áîëåçíü. Îáû÷íî ÿ ñïðàøèâàþ ëþäåé: ñêîëüêî áû îíè õîòåëè ïðîæèòü, åñëè áû â èõ ñèëàõ áûëî ïðîæèòü ìàêñèìàëüíî äîëãî.

[/quote]Part-ID 043 Rafal Smigrodzki, M.D., Ph.D.(University of Virginia, Dept. of Neurology, research focus is on mitochondrial function)
start 0:12:28 0:24:27 stop 0:13:10 0:25:08
Aging then is a desease affecting our DNA. It is the continous accumulation of violations both in the nuclear and the mitochondrial genome. Hard to tell which genome is more important for aging. It appeares that the nuclear genome is more important for cancer. However the mitochondrial genome may be just as important or perhaps more important for things like dabis??? or alternes???? disease. Right now ???s out but one or another aging is caused by accumulation of damage in the DNA.[quote]

Äð. Ðàôàëü Ñìèãäîðñêèé (Óíèâåðñèòåò Âèðäæèíèè, Îòäåëåíèå Íåéðîëîãèè. Èññëåäîâàíèÿ êîíöåíòðèðóþòñÿ íà ôóíêöèÿõ ìèòîõîíäðèé)

Ñòàðåíèå – ýòî áîëåçíü, âëèÿþùàÿ íà ÄÍÊ. Ïðîèñõîäèò ïîñòîÿííîå íàêîïëåíèå ïîâðåæäåíèé ãåíîâ, êàê â êëåòî÷íîì ÿäðå, òàê è â ìèòîõîíäðèÿõ. Òðóäíî ñêàçàòü, êàêîé òèï ãåíîìà èãðàåò áîëüøóþ ðîëü â ïðîöåññå ñòàðåíèÿ. Âèäèìî, ÄÍÊ ÿäðà âàæíåå ïðè ðàçâèòèè ðàêà. Îäíàêî, ãåíû ìèòîõîíäðèé ìîãóò áûòü ñòîëü æå, èëè äàæå áîëåå âàæíû ïðè ðàçâèòèè äèàáåòà èëè áîëåçíè Àëüöõàéìåðà.  ëþáîì ñëó÷àå, â íàñòîÿùåå âðåìÿ ÿñíî, ÷òî ñòàðåíèå ïðîèñõîäèò â ðåçóëüòàòå íàêîïëåíèÿ ïîâðåæäåíèé ÄÍÊ.

[/quote]Part-ID 044 William Faloon
start 0:13:10 0:25:08 stop 0:14:04 0:26:04
Aging ia absolutely a disease. It is the ultimate disease that kills everyone who doesn't succumb to another disease first. Aging would be curable. Aging is the advancement essentially of our DNA to the point where we become debilitated to the point where the cells no longer function. At our biomarker research laboratories we are able to look at various genes that affect the aging process and we have been able to show how the introduction of certain drugs and nutrients can actually positively affect those genes so the ones that cause us to grow old are turned off and some of the ones that enable cells to stay healthy are turned back on, so we have been able to do in a roughly small way at this point of time some manipulation in the aging process using available medications and nutrients.[quote]

Âèëüÿì Ôàëóí

Ñòàðåíèå – ýòî áîëåçíü. Ýòî – íàèñòðàøíåéøàÿ èç âñåõ áîëåçíåé, óáèâàþùàÿ âñåõ òåõ, êòî íå óìåð ðàíüøå îò äðóãèõ íåäóãîâ. Ñòàðåíèå ìîæíî áóäåò ëå÷èòü. ×åëîâåê ñòàðååò, êîãäà åãî ÄÍÊ ïîðòèòñÿ äî òàêîé ñòåïåíè, êîãäà íîðìàëüíàÿ æèçíåäåÿòåëüíîñòü êëåòîê ñòàíîâèòñÿ íåâîçìîæíîé. Ñ ïîìîùüþ áèîëîãè÷åñêèõ ìåòîê, íàì óäàëîñü âûÿâèòü ðàçëè÷íûå ãåíû, âëèÿþùèå íà ïðîöåññ ñòàðåíèÿ. Íàì óäàëîñü ïîêàçàòü, ÷òî îïðåäåëåííûå ëåêàðñòâà è ïèòàòåëüíûå âåùåñòâà â ñîñòîÿíèè ïîëîæèòåëüíî âëèÿòü íà ýòè ãåíû. Ìîæíî íåéòðàëèçîâàòü ãåíû, ïðèâîäÿùèå ê ñòàðåíèþ, è â òî æå âðåìÿ çàíîâî çàïóñêàòü ãåíû, ñïîñîáñòâóþùèå çäîðîâîé æèçíåäåÿòåëüíîñòè êëåòîê. Òàêèì îáðàçîì, â íàñòîÿùåå âðåìÿ ìû â ñîñòîÿíèè, ïóñòü â ìèíèìàëüíîé ìåðå, âìåøèâàòüñÿ â ïðîöåññû ñòàðåíèÿ, èñïîëüçóÿ ñóùåñòâóþùèå ëåêàðñòâà è ïèòàòåëüíûå âåùåñòâà.

To be continued …
Ïðîäîëæåíèå ñëåäóåò....




0 user(s) are reading this topic

0 members, 0 guests, 0 anonymous users